Volume 5: Alternative Liquid and Gaseous Fuels

Abstract

This report, part of the Technology Pathways to a Low Carbon Fishing Fleet series, assesses prospects for using alternative liquid and gaseous fuels in commercial fishing vessels, including biomass-derived fuels (e.g., waste vegetable oil, biodiesel, renewable diesel, renewable natural gas) and power-to-fuel options (e.g., hydrogen, ammonia, methanol, and e-diesel). Based on interviews with 148 fishing businesses across Alaska, the West Coast, and New England, the report identifies key challenges around feasibility, familiarity, fuel accessibility, cost, safety, and compatibility with current engines.

Despite enthusiasm for certain options, such as biodiesel and hydrogen, challenges remain with infrastructure, safety, and storage. Fishermen also emphasize the need for reliable, readily available fuels compatible with existing engines to facilitate a practical and affordable transition. This report outlines the potential benefits and limitations of each fuel type as articulated by potential end users in the fishing industry, providing insights for future pathways in marine fuel innovation and illuminating possible areas where publicly and privately funded enabling programs could be most useful.